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Wheelchair Ramp Design and Construction

A electric wheelchair ramps for vans ramp is a vital tool for helping a loved one live at home independently. But if not designed correctly, they can be dangerous to use.

ADA regulations require that landings be level at any shift in direction to avoid compound slopes. They also must provide a surface that is gripping for wheelchair users.

Design

The ramp's design has to meet the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) standards to ensure that wheelchairs can easily navigate the structure. The ramp slope can't exceed a ratio of 1:12, and the landings have to be level at any change in direction or shift in the ramp's surface. It also must be constructed from treated lumber that is more robust and withstands rain better than untreated lumber.

The sides and top of the ramp must be free of obstacles such as bushes, trees or other structures that may hinder the safe passage of the ramp's user. The ramp's surface should also be non-slip and hard. Some municipalities require the use of an anti-slip running surface on the entire length of the ramp.

For the ramp frame Choose treated lumber that is at least 4 inches wide. To ensure the ramp is secured, construct posts that are at least 8 feet apart and extend beyond the level of the ground. Spindles are the best way to connect the posts with the ramp's railings. This kind of connection is recommended because it minimizes the risk of an operator of the ramp falling off the side of the ramp.

Then, you can build the frame of the ramp using beams 2 by 4 inches in length and joists that are at minimum 16 inches long. Make sure that the joists stand a minimum of 18 inches above the ground and that they're secured with Joist hangers, which are nails that bind the inside of the joists to stop them from sliding out of alignment. Attach the ramp decking with a framing nailer.

Install an upper landing close to the doorway to allow people with disabilities to navigate the doorswing easily. The landing should be 12 to 24 inches on the handle side of doors that out-swing. The landing for in-swinging doors must be 58 by 60 inches to accommodate the threshold of the door and a wheelchair user who needs to reverse through the doorway.

Install a level landing when changing the direction of the ramp to stop wheelchairs from having to slam their brakes at corners. Adding a level landing also makes it easier to move the ramp away from the way when needed so that lawnmowers and other equipment can pass underneath it.

Materials

The material used to construct ramps for wheelchairs could be made of wood, concrete or aluminum. A professional ramp installer can assist you in choosing the right option for your home or office. When choosing the material for the ramp, it's crucial to consider your budget and requirements. The ramp should be simple to maintain and should be safe for use. Certain cities require that the ramp be paved with a non-slip surface.

Be sure to check with your local government for permits before you begin building or purchasing materials. Also, make sure to adhere to all local building codes. Incorrect construction materials or techniques could create hazardous conditions for wheelchair-users. You can find current construction requirements in your local building department library, or on the internet.

Wood ramps are often the least expensive of ADA ramp materials, but they require more maintenance than other options. The surface of wood ramps should be treated regularly with a sealer in order to stop rot and warping. Wood splinters can be a problem, and could be particularly dangerous for people in wheelchairs. Wood ramps also require additional support in order to keep the structure in place.

Concrete ramps can be costly however they are durable and last for a long time. They are heavy, which means more labor is required to install them and can make it difficult to move the ramp once they are no longer needed. Concrete ramps are strong enough to withstand the weight of power wheelchairs.

Aluminum ramps are lighter than concrete or steel however they possess the same strength and corrosion resistance. They are also less expensive than iron or steel, which makes them a great option for those on a tight budget. Aluminum is also eco-friendly as it is found naturally in the Earth's crust, and can be recycled.

The upper ramp's landing needs to be level or within 3/8 inch of the door threshold to allow the front wheels of smaller wheelchairs to move over it without becoming stuck. Ramps that have gaps greater than this won't meet ADA standards. You should also make sure that the ramp transitions smoothly between the upper landing and the ground. The final section of the ramp should be a beveled transitions to avoid an abrupt stop for wheelchairs as they enter or exit an apartment.

Installation

A ramp for wheelchairs is an inclined plane that is erected in addition to or in place of stairs. It allows wheelchair users as well as those who use strollers or carts to access areas that would otherwise be difficult to access.

There are many factors to consider when selecting a ramp for wheelchairs such as location, height and cost. The ramp should be placed close to the door to avoid unnecessary journeys. It should be set at an elevation that is easy to navigate by the person using it. It should also be fixed to the ground and free of obstructions like the trees or cars parked.

ADA regulations require that ramps must have handrails on either side. These rails should be at least 36 inches apart, and have a gripping surface that is rounded or smooth. Additionally, they should be affixed to the ramp and extend at least 12 inches over the ramp edge. If a ramp has switchesbacks or an L-shaped layout handrails must be in continuous use between the ramp's runs.

The length of a ramp depends on the incline, however there are several common ramps that can be used in most situations. A threshold ramp, for example, sits flush against the lip of the curb ramp for wheelchair or threshold of the doorway. Portable ramps are, however they can be moved to a new location and are available in various sizes. There are also aluminum ramps with modular design that can be constructed on the spot. These are often used for public or commercial areas and are typically longer than the threshold and ramps that are portable.

Consult with your city's building department to determine if a permit is required for an enduring ramp. It is also a good idea to speak with a mobility expert to determine what kind of ramp is best suited to your needs and the space you have. In some instances the installation of permanent ramps can increase the value of your home.

Maintenance

It is crucial to maintain your electric wheelchair ramp for van ramp particularly if it is going to be used regularly. You'll need to perform regular inspections and deal with any structural issues as they occur. This will ensure that the ramp complies with all ADA requirements and is safe for all users.

Wooden ramps require regular cleaning to get rid of dirt and debris that may block access. Cleanliness of the ramp will also prevent moisture from trapping under the surface and leading to rot. The wood preservatives or stains can only be effective when the ramp has been thoroughly cleaned before application.

Wheelchair ramps are more difficult to maintain than other ramps because they are more prone to wear and tear. It is essential to have the right tools. To ensure that all fixings are secure and tight you'll need an excellent set of screwdrivers as well as gauge spanners. Also, you should regularly check the handrails for signs of damage or corrosion. Over time, and with repeated use, it's not uncommon for some of the bolts or fittings the handrails to come loose. This could pose an issue for anyone who uses the ramp.

Another important factor is ensuring the surface of the ramp has enough grip, especially in winter when conditions can be difficult. You'll need to clean up any dirt, leaves or other debris that could block the ramp and cause slippage. It is also recommended to apply an ice melt that's non-corrosive to the ramp's surface to avoid slips and injuries.

If you're planning to use your ramp during winter months, you should consider purchasing wheels for traction or "snow tires" for your wheelchair. They're specifically designed to aid in tracking on snow and uneven surfaces, so they'll be more efficient than standard wheelchair ramps at walmart tires at keeping you on the ramp. You can also place heating pads or tape along the ramp's surface to help melt ice and snow before it accumulates.